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Compare Turkey (2001) - Cayman Islands (2008)

Compare Turkey (2001) z Cayman Islands (2008)

 Turkey (2001)Cayman Islands (2008)
 TurkeyCayman Islands
Administrative divisions 80 provinces (iller, singular - il); Adana, Adiyaman, Afyon, Agri, Aksaray, Amasya, Ankara, Antalya, Ardahan, Artvin, Aydin, Balikesir, Bartin, Batman, Bayburt, Bilecik, Bingol, Bitlis, Bolu, Burdur, Bursa, Canakkale, Cankiri, Corum, Denizli, Diyarbakir, Edirne, Elazig, Erzincan, Erzurum, Eskisehir, Gaziantep, Giresun, Gumushane, Hakkari, Hatay, Icel, Igdir, Isparta, Istanbul, Izmir, Kahramanmaras, Karabuk, Karaman, Kars, Kastamonu, Kayseri, Kilis, Kirikkale, Kirklareli, Kirsehir, Kocaeli, Konya, Kutahya, Malatya, Manisa, Mardin, Mugla, Mus, Nevsehir, Nigde, Ordu, Osmaniye, Rize, Sakarya, Samsun, Sanliurfa, Siirt, Sinop, Sirnak, Sivas, Tekirdag, Tokat, Trabzon, Tunceli, Usak, Van, Yalova, Yozgat, Zonguldak; note - there may be another province called Duzce 8 districts; Creek, Eastern, Midland, South Town, Spot Bay, Stake Bay, West End, Western
Age structure 0-14 years:
28.42% (male 9,620,291; female 9,276,347)

15-64 years:
65.45% (male 22,116,599; female 21,401,165)

65 years and over:
6.13% (male 1,878,571; female 2,200,997) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 20.3% (male 4,746/female 4,730)


15-64 years: 71% (male 16,135/female 16,964)


65 years and over: 8.6% (male 1,892/female 2,133) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products tobacco, cotton, grain, olives, sugar beets, pulse, citrus; livestock vegetables, fruit; livestock; turtle farming
Airports 121 (2000 est.) 3 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
86

over 3,047 m:
16

2,438 to 3,047 m:
29

1,524 to 2,437 m:
19

914 to 1,523 m:
16

under 914 m:
6 (2000 est.)
total: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
35

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
8

under 914 m:
26 (2000 est.)
total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
Area total:
780,580 sq km

land:
770,760 sq km

water:
9,820 sq km
total: 262 sq km


land: 262 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than Texas 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Turkey was created in 1923 from the Turkish remnants of the Ottoman Empire. Soon thereafter the country instituted secular laws to replace traditional religious fiats. In 1945 Turkey joined the UN and in 1952 it became a member of NATO. Turkey occupied the northern portion of Cyprus in 1974 to prevent a Greek takeover of the island; relations between the two countries remain strained. Periodic military offensives against Kurdish separatists have dislocated part of the population in southeast Turkey and have drawn international condemnation. The Cayman Islands were colonized from Jamaica by the British during the 18th and 19th centuries, and were administered by Jamaica after 1863. In 1959, the islands became a territory within the Federation of the West Indies, but when the Federation dissolved in 1962, the Cayman Islands chose to remain a British dependency.
Birth rate 18.31 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 12.6 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$54.5 billion

expenditures:
$75.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $3.3 billion (2000)
revenues: $423.8 million


expenditures: $392.6 million (2004)
Capital Ankara name: George Town (on Grand Cayman)


geographic coordinates: 19 18 N, 81 23 W


time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher in interior tropical marine; warm, rainy summers (May to October) and cool, relatively dry winters (November to April)
Coastline 7,200 km 160 km
Constitution 7 November 1982 1959; revised 1962, 1972, and 1994
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Turkey

conventional short form:
Turkey

local long form:
Turkiye Cumhuriyeti

local short form:
Turkiye
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Cayman Islands
Currency Turkish lira (TRL) -
Death rate 5.95 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 4.98 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $109 billion (2000 est.) $70 million (1996)
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Robert PEARSON

embassy:
Ataturk Bulvarii 110, Ankara

mailing address:
PSC 93, Box 5000, APO AE 09823

telephone:
[90] (312) 468-6110

FAX:
[90] (312) 467-0019

consulate(s) general:
Istanbul (closed as of December 2000 for security review)

consulate(s):
Adana (closed as of December 2000 for security review)
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Baki ILKIN

chancery:
2525 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 612-6700

FAX:
[1] (202) 612-6744

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, and New York
none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international complex maritime, air, and territorial disputes with Greece in Aegean Sea; Cyprus question with Greece; dispute with downstream riparian states (Syria and Iraq) over water development plans for the Tigris and Euphrates rivers; traditional demands regarding former Armenian lands in Turkey have subsided none
Economic aid - recipient ODA, $195 million (1993) $390,000 (2004)
Economy - overview Turkey's dynamic economy is a complex mix of modern industry and commerce along with traditional agriculture that still accounts for nearly 40% of employment. It has a strong and rapidly growing private sector, yet the state still plays a major role in basic industry, banking, transport, and communication. The most important industry - and largest exporter - is textiles and clothing, which is almost entirely in private hands. In recent years the economic situation has been marked by erratic economic growth and serious imbalances. Real GNP growth has exceeded 6% in most years, but this strong expansion was interrupted by sharp declines in output in 1994 and 1999. Meanwhile the public sector fiscal deficit has regularly exceeded 10% of GDP - due in large part to the huge burden of interest payments, which now account for more than 40% of central government spending - while inflation has remained in the high double digit range. Perhaps because of these problems, foreign direct investment in Turkey remains low - less than $1 billion annually. Prospects for the future are improving, however, because the ECEVIT government since June 1999 has been implementing an IMF-backed reform program, including a tighter budget, social security reform, banking reorganization, and accelerated privatization. As a result, the fiscal situation is greatly improved and inflation has dropped below 40% - the lowest rate since 1987. The country experienced a financial crisis in late 2000, including sharp drops in the stock market and foreign exchange reserves, but is recovering rapidly, thanks to additional IMF support and the government's commitment to a specific timetable of economic reforms. With no direct taxation, the islands are a thriving offshore financial center. More than 68,000 companies were registered in the Cayman Islands as of 2003, including almost 500 banks, 800 insurers, and 5,000 mutual funds. A stock exchange was opened in 1997. Tourism is also a mainstay, accounting for about 70% of GDP and 75% of foreign currency earnings. The tourist industry is aimed at the luxury market and caters mainly to visitors from North America. Total tourist arrivals exceeded 2.1 million in 2003, with about half from the US. About 90% of the islands' food and consumer goods must be imported. The Caymanians enjoy one of the highest outputs per capita and one of the highest standards of living in the world.
Electricity - consumption 119.5 billion kWh (2000 est.) 372 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 350 million kWh (2000 est.) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports 3.35 billion kWh (2000 est.) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 125.3 billion kWh (2000 est.) 400 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
71%

hydro:
29%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (2000 est.)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Mediterranean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mount Ararat 5,166 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: The Bluff (Cayman Brac) 43 m
Environment - current issues water pollution from dumping of chemicals and detergents; air pollution, particularly in urban areas; deforestation; concern for oil spills from increasing Bosporus ship traffic no natural fresh water resources; drinking water supplies must be met by rainwater catchments
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Environmental Modification
-
Ethnic groups Turkish 80%, Kurdish 20% mixed 40%, white 20%, black 20%, expatriates of various ethnic groups 20%
Exchange rates Turkish liras per US dollar - 677,621 (December 2000), 625,219 (2000), 418,783 (1999), 260,724 (1998), 151,865 (1997), 81,405 (1996) Caymanian dollars per US dollar - NA (2007), 0.8496 (2006)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Ahmed Necdet SEZER (since 16 May 2000)

head of government:
Prime Minister Bulent ECEVIT (since 11 January 1999)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the nomination of the prime minister

note:
there is also a National Security Council that serves as an advisory body to the president and the cabinet

elections:
president elected by the National Assembly for a seven-year term; election last held 5 May 2000 (next scheduled to be held NA May 2007); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Ahmed Necdet SEZER elected president on the third ballot; percent of National Assembly vote - 60%

note:
president must have a two-thirds majority of the National Assembly on the first two ballots and a simple majority on the third ballot
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Stuart JACK (since 23 November 2005)


head of government: Leader of Government Business Kurt TIBBETTS (since 18 May 2005)


cabinet: Executive Council (three members appointed by the governor, four members elected by the Legislative Assembly)


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or coalition is appointed by the governor Leader of Government Business
Exports $26.9 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) 0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities apparel 25.6%, foodstuffs 15.4%, textiles 12.3%, metal manufactures 8.6%, transport equipment 8.1% (1998) turtle products, manufactured consumer goods
Exports - partners Germany 18.7%, US 11.4%, UK 7.4%, Italy 6.3%, France 6.0% (2000 est.) mostly US (2006)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 April - 31 March
Flag description red with a vertical white crescent (the closed portion is toward the hoist side) and white five-pointed star centered just outside the crescent opening blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Caymanian coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms includes a pineapple and turtle above a shield with three stars (representing the three islands) and a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto HE HATH FOUNDED IT UPON THE SEAS
GDP purchasing power parity - $444 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
15%

industry:
29%

services:
56% (1999)
agriculture: 1.4%


industry: 3.2%


services: 95.4% (1994 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $6,800 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 6% (2000 est.) 0.9% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 39 00 N, 35 00 E 19 30 N, 80 30 W
Geography - note strategic location controlling the Turkish Straits (Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link Black and Aegean Seas important location between Cuba and Central America
Heliports 2 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
382,059 km

paved:
106,976 km (including 1,726 km of expressways)

unpaved:
275,083 km (1999 est.)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
2.3%

highest 10%:
32.3% (1994)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs key transit route for Southwest Asian heroin to Western Europe and - to a far lesser extent the US - via air, land, and sea routes; major Turkish, Iranian, and other international trafficking organizations operate out of Istanbul; laboratories to convert imported morphine base into heroin are in remote regions of Turkey as well as near Istanbul; government maintains strict controls over areas of legal opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw concentrate offshore financial center; vulnerable to drug transshipment to the US and Europe
Imports $55.7 billion (c.i.f., 2000 est.) 2,698 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities machinery 28.3%, chemicals 15.2%, semi-finished goods 14.5%, fuels 11%, transport equipment 9.5% (1999) foodstuffs, manufactured goods
Imports - partners Germany 13.1%, Italy 7.9%, US 7.2%, Russia 7.0%, France 6.6%, UK 5.0% (2000 est.) US, Netherlands Antilles, Japan (2006)
Independence 29 October 1923 (successor state to the Ottoman Empire) none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate 6.2% (2000 est.) NA%
Industries textiles, food processing, autos, mining (coal, chromite, copper, boron), steel, petroleum, construction, lumber, paper tourism, banking, insurance and finance, construction, construction materials, furniture
Infant mortality rate 47.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 7.8 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.94 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 6.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 39% (2000 est.) 4.4% (2004)
International organization participation AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CCC, CE, CERN (observer), EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ECO, ESCAP, EU (applicant), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNOMIG, UNRWA, UNTAET, UPU, WEU (associate), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UNESCO (associate), UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 22 (2000) -
Irrigated land 36,740 sq km (1993 est.) NA
Judicial branch Constitutional Court (judges are appointed by the president); Court of Appeals (judges are elected by the Supreme Council of Judges and Prosecutors) Summary Court; Grand Court; Cayman Islands Court of Appeal
Labor force 23 million (2000 est.)

note:
about 1.2 million Turks work abroad (1999)
23,450 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 38%, services 38%, industry 24% (2000) agriculture: 1.4%


industry: 12.6%


services: 86% (1995)
Land boundaries total:
2,627 km

border countries:
Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9 km, Bulgaria 240 km, Georgia 252 km, Greece 206 km, Iran 499 km, Iraq 331 km, Syria 822 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
32%

permanent crops:
4%

permanent pastures:
16%

forests and woodland:
26%

other:
22% (1993 est.)
arable land: 3.85%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 96.15% (2005)
Languages Turkish (official), Kurdish, Arabic, Armenian, Greek English
Legal system derived from various European continental legal systems; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations British common law and local statutes
Legislative branch unicameral Grand National Assembly of Turkey or Turkiye Buyuk Millet Meclisi (550 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 18 April 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - DSP 136, MHP 130, FP 110, DYP 86, ANAP 88; note - as of 7 March 2000 seating was DSP 136, MHP 127, FP 103, DYP 85, ANAP 88 independents 6, vacancies 5
unicameral Legislative Assembly (18 seats; 3 appointed members from the Executive Council and 15 elected by popular vote; to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 11 May 2005 (next to be held in 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PPM 9, UDP 5, independent 1
Life expectancy at birth total population:
71.24 years

male:
68.89 years

female:
73.71 years (2001 est.)
total population: 80.2 years


male: 77.57 years


female: 82.87 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
85%

male:
94%

female:
77% (2000)
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 98%


male: 98%


female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia (that portion of Turkey west of the Bosporus is geographically part of Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria Caribbean, three island (Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, Little Cayman) group in Caribbean Sea, 240 km south of Cuba and 268 km northwest of Jamaica
Map references Middle East Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
in Black Sea only: to the maritime boundary agreed upon with the former USSR

territorial sea:
6 NM in the Aegean Sea; 12 NM in Black Sea and in Mediterranean Sea
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total:
548 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,617,302 GRT/9,088,451 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 140, cargo 242, chemical tanker 41, combination bulk 5, combination ore/oil 6, container 21, liquefied gas 6, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 43, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 25, short-sea passenger 10, specialized tanker 5 (2000 est.)
total: 124 ships (1000 GRT or over) 2,953,923 GRT/4,597,716 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 33, cargo 11, chemical tanker 41, liquefied gas 1, passenger 1, petroleum tanker 17, refrigerated cargo 13, roll on/roll off 3, vehicle carrier 4


foreign-owned: 122 (Denmark 3, Germany 17, Greece 23, Italy 10, Japan 6, Norway 2, Singapore 10, Sweden 1, UK 9, US 41) (2007)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches Land Force, Navy (includes Naval Air and Naval Infantry), Air Force, Coast Guard, Gendarmerie no regular military forces; Royal Cayman Islands Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $10.6 billion (FY99) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 5.6% (FY99) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
18,882,272 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
11,432,438 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 20 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
674,805 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 29 October (1923) Constitution Day, first Monday in July
Nationality noun:
Turk(s)

adjective:
Turkish
noun: Caymanian(s)


adjective: Caymanian
Natural hazards very severe earthquakes, especially in northern Turkey, along an arc extending from the Sea of Marmara to Lake Van hurricanes (July to November)
Natural resources antimony, coal, chromium, mercury, copper, borate, sulfur, iron ore, arable land, hydropower fish, climate and beaches that foster tourism
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 17.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population


note: major destination for Cubans trying to migrate to the US (2007 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 1,738 km; petroleum products 2,321 km; natural gas 708 km -
Political parties and leaders Democratic Left Party or DSP [Bulent ECEVIT]; Motherland Party or ANAP [Mesut YILMAZ]; Nationalist Action Party or MHP [Devlet BAHCELI]; True Path Party or DYP [Tansu CILLER]; Virtue Party or FP [Recai KUTAN]; note - in June 2001, Turkey's Constitutional Court banned the party; its representatives (except for two) can stay on in the Grand National Assembly as independents

note:
Welfare Party or RP [Necmettin ERBAKAN] was officially outlawed on 22 February 1998
United Democratic Party or UDP [McKeeva BUSH]; People's Progressive Movement or PPM [Kurt TIBBETTS]; note - no national teams (loose groupings of political organizations) were formed for the 2000 elections
Political pressure groups and leaders Confederation of Revolutionary Workers Unions or DISK [Ridvan BUDAK]; Independent Industrialists and Businessmen's Association or MUSIAD [Erol YARAR]; Moral Rights Workers Union or Hak-Is [Salim USLU]; Turkish Industrialists' and Businessmen's Association or TUSIAD [Muharrem KAYHAN]; Turkish Confederation of Employers' Unions or TISK [Refik BAYDUR]; Turkish Confederation of Labor or Turk-Is [Bayram MERAL]; Turkish Union of Chambers of Commerce and Commodity Exchanges or TOBB [Fuat MIRAS] NA
Population 66,493,970 (July 2001 est.) 46,600


note: most of the population lives on Grand Cayman (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.24% (2001 est.) 2.496% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Gemlik, Hopa, Iskenderun, Istanbul, Izmir, Kocaeli (Izmit), Icel (Mersin), Samsun, Trabzon -
Radio broadcast stations AM 16, FM 72, shortwave 6 (1998) AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios 11.3 million (1997) -
Railways total:
8,607 km

standard gauge:
8,607 km 1.435-m gauge (1,524 km electrified) (1999)
-
Religions Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni), other 0.2% (Christian and Jews) United Church (Presbyterian and Congregational), Anglican, Baptist, Church of God, other Protestant, Roman Catholic
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.85 male(s)/female

total population:
1.02 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.003 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.951 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.887 male(s)/female


total population: 0.956 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
undergoing rapid modernization and expansion, especially cellular telephones

domestic:
additional digital exchanges are permitting a rapid increase in subscribers; the construction of a network of technologically advanced intercity trunk lines, using both fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay is facilitating communication between urban centers; remote areas are reached by a domestic satellite system; the number of subscribers to mobile cellular telephone service is growing rapidly

international:
international service is provided by three submarine fiber-optic cables in the Mediterranean and Black Seas, linking Turkey with Italy, Greece, Israel, Bulgaria, Romania, and Russia, by 12 Intelsat earth stations, and by 328 mobile satellite terminals in the Inmarsat and Eutelsat systems
general assessment: reasonably good system


domestic: liberalization of telecom market in 2003; introduction of competition in the mobile-cellular market in 2004


international: country code - 1-345; landing point for the MAYA-1 submarine telephone cable network that provides links to the US and parts of Central and South America; submarine cable provides connectivity to Jamaica; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)
Telephones - main lines in use 19.5 million (1999) 38,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 12.1 million (1999) 17,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 635 (plus 2,934 repeaters) (1995) 4 with cable system (2004)
Terrain mostly mountains; narrow coastal plain; high central plateau (Anatolia) low-lying limestone base surrounded by coral reefs
Total fertility rate 2.12 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.89 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 5.6% (plus underemployment of 5.6%) (2000 est.) 4.4% (2004)
Waterways 1,200 km (approximately) -
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